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Historical Look at S&P Book Value

According to everything I am finding, we are way oversold long term. Now, that does not mean run out and blindly get yourself fully invested. We can also stay this was for a very long time. It does mean for the patient investor the are bargains out there..big ones…

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Take a look at this chart (click chart for larger version):

“Davidson” submits:
The value to using this is to know that the average ROE for the SP500 is ~14% with about 57% of earnings paid out in Dividends and ~43% being reinvested. This provides for a Book Value growth rate of ~6% which has been remarkably consistent and in line with the SP500 earning’s chart showing the remarkable consistency of our economy. Knowledge of this consistency becomes a tool for the value player.

What you do is to convert the P/BV into a ROE to the investor. On 3/6/2009 the P/BV was 1.2 which converts to 14%/1.2 = ~11.7% return for investors who buy the SP500. Then, what must be done is compare this to the Wicksell Rate which is 5.4% today and falling.

“Wicksell Rate” explained here

You can look at this discrepancy as Buffett would and simply say that you are buying an 11.7% yield in a long term 5%-7% SP500 return range. The current SP500 provides sizable upside if inflation remains low. The lower the inflation the higher the SP500 valuation will be in the future during normal times.

For example:

If inflation is 1.8% the Wicksell Rate will be ~5% and the SP500 will reach about 20 P/E. If inflation drops to 1% then the Wicksell Rate becomes ~4.2% and the SP500 could reach ~25 P/E. You can also have inflation move in the opposite direction and should it move to 3% the Wicksell Rate will be ~ 6.2% and SP500 would price near ~16 P/E.

What permits an investor to enter the market during times of distress such as these is the knowledge of economic history and the trust that the growth of our economy is inherent within the free nature of our society and will continue in the future.

This is one instance in which knowledgeable investors expect history to repeat itself.


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Borders Seeks Reverse Stock Split

This only is am attempt to get Borders (BGP) share price over $1 to avoid delisting on NYSE.

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Mlive reports:

Borders Group Inc. plans to ask its shareholders to approve a reverse stock split at its annual meeting in May, the Ann Arbor-based bookseller said today.

A reverse stock split would combine multiple shares of Borders stock into one in an effort to increase the value of the shares.

Borders stock is currently trading around 50 cents a share. The company faces being delisted by the New York Stock Exchange this summer if it doesn’t get its stock price above $1 a share. A reverse stock split is one way to do that.

In a statement, Borders said it still “reserves the right not to proceed with a reverse stock split if it is not in the best interests of the company.”

Borders will hold its annual shareholders meeting on May 21 at the Ann Arbor Marriott Ypsilanti at Eagle Crest.

Just be aware of it should you see a dramatic price change just this summer for non-results related reasons.

Here is the math, the stock is at $.50 , you have 200 shares and they do a 2 for 1 reverse split. After the split the stock price will now be $1 a share but your number of shares are reduced to 100. No value change in your holdings.

Disclosure (“none” means no position):Long BGP

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Friday’s Links

Thanks you, Google,  Misery, Bank Myth’s, James Carville

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– Thank you for the mentions. Still say if you are not reading Abnormal daily you are missing out.

– Screwing shareholders

It deepens

Hmmmmm

– So, how is Carville wanting Bush to “fail” any different than Rush v Obama?

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Berkshire Hathaway Downgraded: Ratings Agencies Become More Irrrelevant

Did you ever hear the saying “when a pendulum swings too far one way, it then swings too far the other”?. This is your textbook example. Tonight Fitch has downgraded Berkshire Hathaway (BRK.A)

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Below is the action from Fitch (hat tip to Zero Hedge for finding it).

BUT, to find out what this is really all about one need only read one paragraph in the whole document (click image to open larger).

As you read the document, the reasoning is …bizarre, for lack of a better word.

Berkshire was downgraded because:
1- There can be no  AAA rated “holdings companies of financial oriented enterprises”.
2- Warren Buffett is old (they actually take pain to say “this is not age related”) Well, what else could it be? Berkshire’s corporate structure has not changed in 44 years and in reality, Berkshire now has a succession plan in place that was not there 4 years ago so the “risk” for anything other than age is less. But, Fitch says having the arguably the single best capital allocator in history at the helm is “too risky”. They would apparently prefer two mediocre ones?
3- Actually, there is no #3, just those two….
Here is what it is NOT due to:
1- Equity Index Puts
2- Derivative Contracts
3- Equity investment losses in 2008
4- Operating businesses
5- Insurance results
In other words, some legitimate reasons one would think a downgrade might be warranted.
After years of lumping BBB- mortgages together and then telling people they are now AAA and selling them as such only to watch them behave like, well CCC loans, Fitch is now telling us no AAA will be given to Co’s. with “financial oriented enterprises”.  Let’s not forget, Fitch at one time told us AIG (AIG) was a AAA company.  So, you know, we should take what they say “to the bank”.
For those who do not know about AIG, they are this cute little company that almost brought down the entire US financial system last year.  It’s bailout will eventually cost US taxpayers well in excess of $100 billion. But, hey, they had a much younger guy running things over there so AAA was entirely warranted.
It matters not that Berkshire maintains at .25 debt to equity.  It matters not that the roughly $9 billion in notes downgraded Warren could write a check for tomorrow and pay off without any impairment in Berkshire operations.  It matter not also that Berkshire’s insurance operation generate $35 billion of float for Warren to invest for free……free….
Nope, we now have blanket rules at Fitch..
This decision flies in the face of all reason, logic and is not in the least based on operating results at Berkshire. It makes no sense…
Well, given what the ratings agencies have done for the last decade, I guess them making yet another decision that undermines the investing community’s faith in anything they say does make perfect sense…  
BRK Downgrade

Disclosure (“none” means no position):None

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GE Ratings Cut: Is IT A Big Deal??

So, just in case you have been in a cave this am, GE (GE) had it’s credit rating cut.

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General Electric lost its coveted triple-A credit rating from Standard and Poor’s on Thursday, as the credit-rating agency downgraded G.E’s long-term debt one notch, to AA+. GE had held the rating for 50 years

S&P said the outlook for G.E. was stable, meaning that further downgrades to its debt rating are unlikely in the next six months to two years.

The S&P analyst who wrote the report says:

GE issued the following statement which said in part,”Standard & Poor’s (S&P) today announced a single-notch downgrade of General Electric Company’s and General Electric Capital Corporation’s (GECC) long-term ratings from AAA to AA+, with a “stable” outlook. The ratings downgrade does not affect GE’s and GECC’s short-term funding ratings of A-1+, which was affirmed by S&P.

The action follows a thorough review of GE’s portfolio by S&P. GECC is one of the only financial services companies in the world with a rating as high as AA+. S&P defines a company with this rating as having a “very strong capacity to meet its financial commitments.” Also, S&P’s “stable” outlook means the rating is unlikely to change in the next six months to two years. GE does not anticipate any significant operational or funding impacts from this change.”

So, what to think. More important than the cuts is the “stable” rating. This downgrade is more bark than bite. There is no material change to operations from it and there is zero effect on its short term borrowing.

Just a week ago with shares at $6 I pondered picking some up but was waiting for a bit more clarity before doing so. It is looking like sitting on my hands may have been a mistake. Shares are up a cool 50% since then. Now, I have not lost any money (in fact my existing GE holdings are enjoying the ride) but have not picked any additional up either.

What to do, what to do, what to do. I resist the urge to buy anything after a 50% run and a 10% market rally, both of what we have just had. We will settle a bit and big run are almost always followed by pullbacks and then I will pick up more. I don’t think I will ever get the $6 price a gain but I think I’ll do much better than then near $10 today.

GE is still a great long term play, I’m just holding out for an even better price

Here are more thoughts on it:

Disclosure (“none” means no position):Long GE

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JP Morgan’s Jamie Dimon (video)

JP Morgan’s (JPM) CEO talks about banking, mark-to-market accounting, compensation and regulation.


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The speech:


Dimon is right when he talks about mark-to-market accounting. It is a good idea taken to the extreme and that always ends up being a bad idea. It’s widespread use for all assets type will (has) lead to insane valuation volatility. That leads to people like Berkshire’s (BRK.A) Warren Buffett liking it due to the “opportunity it presents us”. Meaning, mark-to-market produces the extreme pricing inefficiency Buffett enjoys so much.

That cannot be the goal of the system of any accounting methodology. It ought to seek to find the true value of the asset, not simply discount it to whatever the lowest seller will let something go for in times of distress. It, in its essence, is lazy accounting.

Q&A


Disclosure (“none” means no position):none



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How Much Bailout Money Do I Deserve??

Now if I could just find the application, I’ll split the difference betwen the two amounts…don’t want to be greedy.

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ValuePlays deserves:

MoneyPath

My blog deserves
$24,020,832
of bailout money.

How much do you deserve?

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My Twitter Feed Deserves..

MoneyPath

@toddsullivan deserves
$5,657,446
of bailout money.

How much do you deserve?

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Peter Lindmark’s 2008 Letter to Shareholders

This is a great read and when you consider the fund was UP over 60% last year, well worth the time looking into it.

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The outlook for 2009 starts on page 7. Please read it…..

Lindmark Capital 2008

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Dow in Talks over Former Kuwait JV

The good news is Kuwait has nothing t do with it..

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Bloomberg Reports

Dow Chemical Co. (DOW) the largest U.S. chemical maker, is in talks to revive a basic-plastics joint venture with Kuwait that the country’s Petrochemicals Industries Co. abandoned last year. “We are definitely in discussions,” Chief Executive Officer Andrew Liveris said today in a telephone interview. “I want to downplay expectations because of what happened last time.

Kuwait’s cancellation of the K-Dow Petrochemical venture in December deprived Dow of $9 billion it planned to use for its acquisition of Rohm & Haas Co. That left Liveris seeking to amend financing and obtain new terms for the $16.5 billion purchase, which was agreed upon March 9.

Dow, based in Midland, Michigan, also is talking with two “very interested” parties about buying a stake in the basic- plastics unit, Liveris said. The likelihood of reaching a new deal with Kuwait is “low,” he said. “I have learned that unless the money is in the bank, OK, I am not going to promise it,” Liveris said.

Bidding War

Liveris said he didn’t include a clause in the Rohm & Haas merger agreement that would have let Dow out of the deal if the Kuwait venture failed because no one anticipated the financial collapse that occurred after the agreement was signed July 10. Dow won the Rohm & Haas auction with a $78 a share bid, topping BASF AG’s $75 offer.

“Even if you wanted a financing out, you wouldn’t have won Rohm & Haas’s bid because BASF would have won it,” Liveris said. Kuwait canceled the K-Dow venture on Dec. 28 after opposition lawmakers pressured the government to scrap the deal, which they said was overvalued amid falling oil prices. The cancellation prompted Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s Investors Service to cut Dow’s credit ratings.

Dow plans to sell $4 billion of assets this year as part of a plan to repay as much as $10 billion in short-term loans for the Rohm & Haas purchase, which closes April 1, and to maintain investment-grade credit ratings. A deal to sell Rohm & Haas’s Morton Salt unit, the biggest U.S. salt producer, for at least $1.5 billion will be announced this month, Liveris said.

“We are moving on that one very fast,” Liveris said. “Given what we achieved in five days recently, I would consider it almost wimpy of us not to achieve it in 20 days.”

‘Serious Bidders’

Dow will narrow six “serious bidders” for Morton Salt to three, possibly selecting one for exclusive negotiations, by this weekend, he said.

The value of Dow AgroSciences, which makes pesticides and develops genetically modified seeds, isn’t appreciated by investors, Liveris said. The unit “clearly” is worth more than the $5 billion to $8 billion that some analysts have estimated, he said. The company doesn’t immediately plan to sell the business, Liveris told investors on a March 9 conference call.

Asset sales are part of efforts to improve Dow’s balance sheet so another dividend cut “should never be necessary,” Liveris said. Dow slashed its dividend 64 percent on Feb. 12, the first reduction in company history, to save $1 billion a year, after Liveris promised not to cut the payments.

“After the events of the last three months, it would be terrible of me to say never again,” Liveris said.

So, where are we? There is some math here that does not quite add up and for shareholders that seems to be a good thing. Dow in its presentation yesterday said it would sell the $4.3 billion in assets to pay off the credit line in one year. If the get $1.5 for Morton Salt, that leaves $2.8 billion in asset sales. The commodity business that was originally valued at $9 billion (Dow’s 1/2) is worth less in this environment, but not almost 70% less.

I am saying here than Liveris has got burned big time over the past year. One would expect anyone who has that happen to swinging the pendulum to the other side and become so conservative that any estimate given is a real low ball figure.

On another note, analysts estimate the value of Dow Ag at $5 billion to $8 billion. Five billion dollars equals the current market cap of the whole company. Essentially buyers today pay for Dow Ag and get the specialty chemical business, the commodity chemical business and the rest of the company for free. Not a bad deal.

Disclosure (“none” means no position):Long DOW

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Book Review: "Scratch Beginnings"

Nothing to so with investing but this is a book every parent of a teenager ought to be sure they read….

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Premise From the Editor:

Adam Shepard graduated from college in the summer of 2006 feeling disillusioned by the apathy he saw around him and incensed after reading Barbara Ehrenreich’s famous works Nickel and Dimed and Bait and Switch—books that gave him a feeling of hopelessness over the state of the working class in America. Eager to see if he could make something out of nothing, he set out to prove wrong Ehrenreich’s theory that those who start at the bottom stay at the bottom, and to see if the American Dream can still be a reality.

Shepard’s plan was simple. Carrying only a sleeping bag, the clothes on his back, and $25 in cash, and restricted from using previous contacts or relying on his college education, he set out for a randomly selected city with one objective: work his way out of homelessness and into a life that would give him the opportunity for success. His goal was to have, after one year, $2,500, a working automobile, and a furnished apartment.

But from the start, things didn’t go as smoothly as Shepard had planned. Working his way up from a Charleston, South Carolina homeless shelter proved to be more difficult than he anticipated, with pressure to take low-paying, exploitive jobs from labor companies, and a job market that didn’t respond with enthusiasm to homeless applicants. Shepard even began donating plasma to make fast cash. To his surprise, he found himself depending most on fellow shelter residents for inspiration and advice.

Earnest, passionate, and hard to put down, Scratch Beginnings is a story that will not only inspire readers, but will also remind them that success can come to anyone who is willing to work hard—and that America is still one of the most hopeful and inspiring countries in the world.

As he looked back on his time, Shepard came to the conclusion that it was possible, no matter what “bad luck” one has experienced to not only survive but prosper in America. Notice he did not say it was “easy”. If one has a vision and was disciplined there were avenues available to make it out of even homelessness. Too often those stuck there without getting out for years were the results of drugs, lack of discipline or even a certain acceptance of the situation.

Shepard takes no grievance with those who accept their plight. In fact he takes careful pains to note that he saw happiness and despair both from those in the shelter and those living in the million dollars homes he moved furniture too and from. He says, “adversity attacks at every level” and those able to deal with it succeed.

Happiness, Shepard concludes knows no class or economic barriers. It is working towards something better and achieving it.

Towards the end Shepard says “More than anything else over the course of the year I grew to appreciate, more than ever before, that we live in the greatest country in the world. America is more fertile and full of more opportunity that any other country in the world.”

Could not agree more…

Click the link to buy the book:

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Thursday’s Links

Stewart, Oil, Default,The Depression

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– I do not know why CNBC tries to take these guys on. They feed off the confrontation

– Those interested in Oil must read Gregor

– Who is at risk…
Death List — Companies Outlook Q1 2009

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– Was it really so bad on stocks?
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A Closer Look at Berkshire’s "Equity Put Options"

Just can’t understand why people are so up in arms over this..really I can’t.

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Sentiment and Investing in The Depression & Today

An interesting point on how investor sentiment has always overshot to the downside.

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“Davidson” comments on the following chart”

Here is the SP500 from Dec ’27 to Dec ’49. The P/E and EPS are included. The change in psychology from Sept 1929 to June 1931 was much greater than the $1.60 per share to ~$0.50 per share earnings drop. Psychology has always had an enormous effect on market prices and true Value Investors utilize this knowledge to their advantage. Most available data bases do not go back beyond the 1960’s as the data reliability is not guaranteed.

(This chart is constructed from data extracted from older SP500 sources and likely does not conform to modern accounting standards. The relative perspective is useful just the same.)

From 1929 to 1931, the S&P Earnings dropped 37% yet the value of the S&P dropped 85%. Simply said this means investors were over twice as pessimistic about US business then what the reality of them actually was.

Another interesting point is the 1931-36 recovery. Note the PE skyrocket up ahead of the market. It is clear investor sentiment turned positive BEFORE the actual earnings of the S&P did. Notice from the chart earnings stays flat until essentially 1934 while the market has a massive rally. So, great you say, what does it all mean?

It means the market bottoms before earnings do and then rallies before they rebound due to sentiment. So, then, where are we now with sentiment? I am using modern numbers because to the best of my knowledge there are no “sentiment” readings from the 1930’s other than market results (if anyone knows that there are, please let educate me).

Link to chart data

We are now more negative than the last two recessions (with reason). Those low readings eventually gave way to the 1990’s and 2002-2008 bull markets.

We can go back to a post I did last week regarding cash vs. the S&P. It shows just how pessimistic people are. Money sitting in the bank right now in Treasuries in earning essentially nothing. This, for the majority of people is preferable to the “expected” losses they assume in the market. It also is tremendous fuel for the fire once that sentiment changes and, yes it will. The current situation is not even as bad as 1980-81 much less 1929-31. The US economy and the market both came back from those periods and will again.

Now, the trillion dollar question is “when?” Again, I do not make “bottom” calls but I feel there is a large swath of the market trading at “eventual destruction” valuations. I also know people are of the mindset the world, while not quite ending is racing towards depression. With the ammunition sitting there to buy equities present, when the depression does not occur people will tired rather rapidly of earning nothing on cash in the bank or in US Treasuries and will want a higher return in the market from equities again.

When they do, the floodgates will open..

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David Einhorn on "Return on Equity"

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Transcript of David Einhorn s Speech at the Value Investing – Get more Business Plans

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Wednesday’s Links

Wall St. Media, Ben Graham, Thank you, Barney

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– Thank you for the mention and the kind words…On another note, go visit this site. Doug always has tremendously valuable information here.

– Is this market cheap?

– Thank you for the mention. I have said it before, you must read Abnormal Returns daily

– Frank says uptick rule coming back

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